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Picture Mordechai Pinchas Sofer

SOURCES AND REFERENCES

Over recent years, there have been a growing number of books on Sofrut, but as one would expect the majority of the halachic texts have not been translated from the Hebrew. Below are a few of the useful sources I have gathered together, the Hebrew ones are at the bottom for the more adventurous amongst you.

Book cover - 613th commandment

Sofer - The Story of a Torah Scroll
Dr. Eric Ray, Torah Aura Productions, 1986.
Theoretically for children but good basic starter info for adults too! This book has marvelous pictures showing Eric and American sofer at work at all the different stages, the materials used and a typical day for the scribe. It also shows all of the letter forms and gives a story for each of them.  Eric is very fond of stories and makes good use of them.

Book cover - Sofer

The 613th Commandment
J. Simcha Cohen, Jason Aronson Inc. 1983.
 An analysis of the mitsvah to write a Sefer Torah. This is an obligation on every Jew and a king has to write two!  However very few Jews ever get to participate in this mitsvah though through completing one letter it is accounted as if you wrote the whole thing - hence the festivities around a siyyum.

Book cover - Tefillin an illustrated guide

 This is Torah
Alfred J. Kolatch, Jonathon David Publishers Inc. 1988.
A magnificent reference work which covers more than just sofrut. However it does include fantastic sections on writing the Torah and the Massoretic text with very comprehensive notes and references at the back.

Tefillin an illustrated guide
Moshe Neiman Feldheim Publishers, 1995.
How they are made, what they contain, how they are worn and all the pertinent laws. Includes excellent diagrams of the structure of the tefillin and descriptions of how they are put together.

Book cover - This is Torah
Book cover - Tefillin

Tefillin
Aryeh Kaplan
NCSY/Orthodox Union, 1975. Thought provoking analysis of the mistvah together with descriptions of how they are made and worn. A short and well-written introduction to the subject, though not as detailed as the book shown immediately above. This volume is also available in a anthology of Kaplan’s other work - all fascinating studies from a man who died tragically young.

Book cover - Wisdom of the Hebrew alphabet

The Wisdom in the Hebrew Alphabet
Rabbi Michael L. Munk, Artscroll, 1983.
The sacred letters as a guide to Jewish deed and thought. Meanings of the letters. Mostly a midrashic guide to the letters but some of the reasons scribal idiosyncrasies are explored and every letter draws a lesson from part of scripture. Covers many explanations from ‘Otiot d’Rabbi Akiva’, a useful midrashic source.

Book cover - Handbook of Hebrew calligraphy

The Handbook of Hebrew Calligraphy
Cara Goldberg Marks
Jason Aronson Inc. 1990. The letter forms, modern calligraphy and a good section on k'tubot.

Book cover - Tikkun

Tikkun Kor'im
A tikkun for reading and writing the Torah and the megillah - a must have!

Book cover - Mishnah B'rurah

Mishnah B'rurah Volume I(B) - The laws of T'fillin
Chafets Chayim, Feldheim Publishers, 1992.
An English Translation of the Shulchan Aruch and Mishnah B'rurah with facing Hebrew. Also includes Mishnat Sofrim on the formation of the letters. Really the only English halachic guide except for the Soncino minor tractates (see below). Another must have!

Book cover - Mishneh Torah

Mishneh Torah: Hilchot Tefillin u’Mezuzah v’Sefer Torah. Hilchot Tzitzit.
Maimonides (translated and with commentaries and notes by Rabbi Eliyahu Touger), Moznaim Publishing Corporation, Jerusalem 1990.  Excellent companion to the work above giving the Rambam’s opinion of the halacha as he understood it in clear Hebrew and English.  A good commentary with some diagrams and good cross references to other works.

Book cover - Chasdey David
Book cover - Mishnat Hasofer

Chasdey David
A consise commentary on Mishnat Sofrim in Hebrew plus a summary of all the rules for a scribe in writing Stam.

Mishnat Hasofer
A modern Hebrew commentary by Ya'akov Meir Stern of B'nei Brak on the Keset Hasofer rules for a scribe by Solomon Ganzfried.  This is my main halachic guide.

Book cover - World of Tefillin & Mezuzot

The World of Tefillin & Mezuzos
Rabbi Zeev Rothschild, CIS, New Jersey 1987
Sort of an expanded buyers guide with warnings what to look out and how to ensure that you are fulfilling the mitsvah properly.  Also contains an entertaining narrative tale featuring the making of Tefiilin in story form.  Unfortunately, I believe this book is out of print.

Torah Shelemah - Leviticus Volume 29
Kasher, M M & Razhabi Yitshak, American Biblical Encyclodia Society Inc., Jerusalem 1978
Part 1 deals with whether the Torah was given in Ktav Ivri or Ktav Ashurit and the development of Hebrew script.  Part 2 is a comprehensive coverage of the scribal idiosyncracies, such as the nun hafucha or the various individual taggin as decribed in works such as Sefer Taggin, Machzor Vitri etc.  It is detailed and has many pages with examples of the texts form ancient times and the different traditions for writing the taggin.

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Tefillin and Mezuzos - a pictorial guide
Askotzky, Y, Targum Press, 2003
A brilliantly illustrated consumer guide to tefillin and mezuzot which shows in details the laws and the hiddurim that consumers should be mindful of when purchasing STaM.  Askotzky quite rightly points out that going for the cheapest may also mean you are not getting kasher STaM so the bargain isn’t a bargain at all.  Considering these are lifetime investments, he argues that people should put some effort into securing good quality STaM at a fair price.

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Hilchot Tefillin, Zichron Avraham David - Student Ed. of Halachos of Tefillin
A guide to what they are, the wearing, care and maintenance of tefillin

Mezuzah - a comprehensive guide (Sefer Zichron Shoshanah)
Hoffman Y, Israel Bookshop N.J., 2002
The full gamut of all that is related to the mitsvah of mezuzah - philosophical motifs, types of a parchment (a very good section indeed) methods of writing, everything about fixing and some new discussions on halachot.  A very good book with excellent footnotes.

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A few more halachic sources that are available include:
Mishmeret Stam's commentary on certain key letters of the Mishnat Sofrim
Lishkat Hasofer, a compilation of various halachic sources (two books possibly three)
Yalkut Tsurat Ha'otiyot, a compilation of all the halachic sources dealing specifically with the formation of the letters.
Sofrut is also covered in the Shulchan Aruch and the Talmud where there are also specific minor tractates (Masechtot K'tanot) - Sofrim, Sefer Torah. Tefillin and Mezuzah. Certain key sections in Shabbat (103b ff) and Menachot (29a ff) also warrant study. (see the Soncino Press Hebrew-English edition Ed. A Cohen, 1984). 

Mordechai Pinchas

 glossary  sayings  answer  melechet

Click on the far left button for a glossary of terms used through this website, the next left button to read a few poetical selections about scribes in Jewish Literature, the middle to participate in the answer back forum and right to find out about Machon Melechat Shamayim a school for sofrut in Israel and a source of more materials for sofrut.

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